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Israel has already done so in two of the previous four wars against the Palestinians in Gaza
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spanish tv – It appears increasingly likely that Israel will launch a ground attack on Gaza, as it has done in two of its four previous wars against the coastal enclave.
The Israeli military invested enormous resources in such a scenario, even building a training base in the southern desert, designed to simulate the urban landscape of the besieged Gaza Strip.
However, a ground attack virtually guarantees many casualties on both sides. This will include street-to-street battles with fighters from the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas), who have spent years preparing underground tunnels.
What do we know about previous ground operations in Gaza?
Israeli ground attacks in Gaza follow a similar pattern, with ground incursions carried out over the years at different scales, often preceded by intense bombardment targeting residential areas and areas.
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The Tel Aviv regime also used air power, ground artillery bombardment, and warships extensively in the first phase of the campaigns to attack what it says is Hamas’ military infrastructure.
But although Israel has a huge advantage in terms of the size of its armed forces, Hamas has largely adapted over the years to respond to Israeli ground attacks on Gaza.
How will geography affect any fight?
Gaza’s geography creates restrictions on Israeli operations. There are rural areas of agricultural land near the Erez crossing in the far north of Gaza. Around Bureij, south of Gaza City, there is a mountain line that dominates central Gaza.
East of Khan Yunis in the south, Israeli tanks and armored vehicles can easily move and take up firing positions. Another access point is located off Philadelphia Road near Rafah in the far south.
In previous attacks, Israel used sites overlooking central Gaza to try to cut off communications between Gaza City and the south and other sites to divide the region.
Hamas and other groups in Gaza realize that these roads can be used by Israeli forces, and that they will often have their first lines of defense in these areas, which have been the scene of heavy fighting in the past.
As the sandy countryside turns into urban areas, the terrain becomes more difficult for Israel. High-rise residential blocks in places like Jabalia and Beit Lahia dominate the northern approaches to Gaza City, while the main north-south highway is bordered by industrial zones that Hamas has used defensively in the past.
The terrain in central Gaza and eastern Khan Yunis is more open, but villages and high-rise buildings along access roads provide cover for Palestinian fighters.
How will Hamas respond?
Hamas and other Palestinian groups have years of experience fighting the Israeli military, and have become an effective and adaptable urban force. The Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades includes a core of experienced combat commanders who know how to fight the Israeli army, some of whom speak Hebrew and who have studied the Israeli army in depth.
The main problem facing Israel in any attempt to launch a ground offensive is that it would have to confront prepared Hamas positions, including combat tunnels that have been extensively developed over the years and, in some cases, equipped with communications systems.
Although Hamas’s tunnel networks were once primitive, its engineers now have extensive experience in building strong, well-hidden underground sites to be used as command centers and from which fighter aircraft can be deployed.
Although Israel once had a clear advantage in monitoring Gaza, cheap and readily available civilian drones acquired by Hamas have leveled the playing field, allowing it to monitor Israel’s lines of approach.
Can Israel reoccupy Gaza?
Although Israel likely has the military capacity to occupy Gaza, the cost to its military is likely to be prohibitive.
A full reoccupation of Gaza would pose a major challenge and would likely exceed Israel’s ability to manage it in the long term.
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